The Generative AI Learning Penalty: Evidence from Chinese Secondary Education

A study of 1,200 Chinese secondary school students found that those using generative AI tools scored 12% lower on standardized math and science exams, according to a paper posted on SSRN (abstract 6868618). The research, led by Peking University economist Li Wei, attributes the decline to reduced independent problem-solving practice, suggesting a 'learning penalty' from AI reliance in education. The findings raise concerns for AI adoption in classrooms, though the authors note the effect may vary by subject and usage intensity.