QUBO

A new approach using Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) for evidence selection in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems achieves competitive exact-match and token-F1 performance…

Researchers have integrated a femtosecond laser-pumped Coherent Ising Machine (CIM) with a large language model-driven agentic system using LangGraph and LangChain frameworks, enabling automated QUBO/…