Ouyang

A developer compares four dominant alignment methods—RLHF, DPO, IPO, and KTO—for fine-tuning large language models, detailing their mathematical formulations, data requirements, and practical tradeoff…

A Stanford study found that AI agents like DeepSeek R1 could only generate correct GPU kernels for 12% of simple operations and 2% of whole architectures, with later research showing agents failed to …