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[ARTICLE · art-37207] src=arxiv.org ↗ pub= topic=machine-learning verified=true sentiment=↑ positive

The Professor: Multi-Teacher Unsupervised Prompt Distillation for Vision-Language Models

Researchers propose TheProfessor, a multi-teacher prompt distillation method for vision-language models that ensembles a domain-finetuned teacher and a zero-shot teacher. On four datasets, confidence-weighted ensembling improves average harmonic mean from 87.52 to 89.28, with the largest gain of +5.78 on domain-shifted EuroSAT.

read1 min views5 publishedJun 24, 2026

arXiv:2606.23897v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Prompt distillation compresses large vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP into lightweight student models by matching teacher predictions on unlabeled domain images. PromptKD (CVPR 2024) established this paradigm with a single PromptSRC-finetuned ViT-L/14 teacher and a ViT-B/16 student. We propose TheProfessor, a multi-teacher extension that distills from a fixed two-teacher ensemble: a domain-finetuned PromptSRC ViT-L/14 teacher and a zero-shot EVA-CLIP-L/14 teacher whose logits are pre-computed per dataset. We evaluate single-teacher PromptKD, equal-probability ensembling, and confidence-weighted ensembling on four base-to-novel datasets: Caltech-101, DTD, UCF101, and EuroSAT. In a 12-run single-seed sweep, confidence-weighted ensembling improves average HM from 87.52 to 89.28 (+1.77 points), while equal averaging improves average HM to 88.88 (+1.37 points). Gains are dataset dependent: they are negligible on Caltech-101 (+0.16 HM for confidence weighting), modest on UCF101 (+0.62), and largest on domain-shifted EuroSAT (+5.78). These results update our earlier Caltech-only analysis and show that multi-teacher prompt distillation is most useful when the second teacher contributes complementary supervision under domain shift.

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