Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi has been unable to shake off a scandal that emerged more than a month ago in a weekly magazine. Opposition lawmakers have continued to press her this week on the allegation that one of her secretaries was connected to an online smear campaign in recent elections.
While the alleged scandal remains at the forefront of parliamentary deliberations, legislative action to regulate the use of online content for political influence is playing out in the background. The issue emerged when the Shukan Bunshun weekly published a story claiming that one of Takaichi’s secretaries met with an individual who participated in a smear campaign against rival candidates. This activity reportedly involved the distribution of hundreds of AI-generated videos from burner accounts on social media. The claim is that the individual used this content in an effort to influence last year’s Liberal Democratic Party presidential election and this year’s Lower House election, allegedly with the secretary’s knowledge.
Takaichi has denied her secretary’s involvement and disavowed any personal awareness of the videos.
Opposition parties led by the Centrist Reform Alliance (CRA) have not relented in their demands for greater accountability from the prime minister, citing that the actions of her publicly funded secretary must be reconciled in parliament.
“Parliamentary deliberations are not a place to hear what is convenient for you, but a place where you have a responsibility to answer the public’s doubts, even if they are difficult questions,” said CRA chief Junya Ogawa.
On Tuesday, Takaichi promised to deliver a voluntary written statement from her secretary on the matter, but lawmakers from the CRA, Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan and Komeito have pledged to continue pressing the prime minister on the issue.
While politicians focus on questions of political accountability, the controversy has also exposed deeper weaknesses in Japan’s electoral framework for the digital age. It was not until 2013 that online campaigning was specifically authorized through amendment of the Public Offices Election Act, but rather than provide a strict set of guidelines, it focused on authorizations for the use of websites, blogs and social media during official campaigning. Restrictions focused on limitations related to who may send election-related emails, requirements for identifying campaign communications and record-keeping obligations.
The first election held under the revised rules was the 2013 Upper House race — dubbed the “first internet election” — but subsequent elections showed loopholes in the law. With few regulatory provisions in place, it was left largely to politicians to determine how they can and should use the internet for their electoral ambitions.
A notable example of this came ahead of the 2020 LDP presidential race, when former Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba’s team created an online...