# Rewarding Doubt: Calibrated Confidence Expression of LLMs — interactive visual explainer | Rudrite Research

> Source: <https://research.rudrite.com/rewarding-doubt>
> Published: 2026-06-13 00:00:00+00:00

# Rewarding Doubt: Calibrated Confidence Expression of LLMs

RL on a proper scoring rule teaches an LLM to express calibrated confidence in its answers.

Stangel et al. · arXiv 2025 · Reasoning & RL. [Read the paper ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.02623)

A free, interactive, animated visual explainer of Rewarding Doubt: Calibrated Confidence Expression of LLMs — every exhibit computed from the real formulas, with verbatim quotes from the source.

## Questions

- What is Rewarding Doubt: Calibrated Confidence Expression of LLMs?
- RL on a proper scoring rule teaches an LLM to express calibrated confidence in its answers.
- Who published Rewarding Doubt: Calibrated Confidence Expression of LLMs, and where?
- Stangel et al. — arXiv 2025 (arXiv:2503.02623).
- Where can I find a visual explainer of Rewarding Doubt: Calibrated Confidence Expression of LLMs?
- Right here — a free, interactive, animated walkthrough of the whole paper, with exhibits computed from the real formulas and verbatim quotes from the source.

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