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On-Policy or Off-Policy Learning? A Systematic Study of Distillation Dynamics

A systematic study of distillation dynamics finds that existing comparisons between supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning vary too many factors at once, making it impossible to isolate the contribution of rollout policy to on-policy learning's claimed benefits of reduced catastrophic forgetting, sparser parameter updates, and improved generalisation. The research examines on-policy versus off-policy learning to disentangle those factors.

read1 min views4 publishedOct 2, 2026

On-policy learning has been argued to reduce catastrophic forgetting, produce sparser parameter updates, and improve generalisation. However, existing comparisons between supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning vary many factors simultaneously, making the contribution of rollout policy dif

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