# EmoStance: Response-Side Affective-Orientation Control for Empathetic Response Generation via Emoji Weak Supervision

> Source: <https://www.machinebrief.com/news/emostance-response-side-affective-orientation-control-for-em-2ynl>
> Published: 2026-09-03 04:00:00+00:00

arXiv:2609.02133v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Empathetic response generation requires models to decide not only what to say, but also how to respond to the previous speaker's affective situation. We formulate this as response-side affective-orientation control and use multi-annotator emoji distributions as weak affective--attitudinal evidence, rather than as output symbols or gold labels, to induce a latent control space that operationally approximates listener stance. We construct EmojiDialogue, an utterance-level extension of EmpatheticDialogues with emoji votes and confidence scores, and propose EmoStance, which models source-side affective expression, predicts a soft response-side orientation from dialogue context and speaker roles, and steers a frozen instruction-tuned LLM through continuous prefix embeddings. In blind pairwise evaluation with 20 annotators and 800 judgments, EmoStance achieves a 62.2% decisive win rate, with the clearest gains in contextual specificity and perceived responsiveness, while remaining complementary to external-knowledge methods. Code, annotation metadata, and reconstruction scripts are available in our GitHub repository: https://github.com/18277390221/EmoStance.